[Time perspective, sleep and wellbeing of the elderly during COVID-19 pandemic]

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the time perspective and the psychophysiological state of the elderly during the pandemic COVID-19. 433 residents from 11 Russian cities aged 60,8±9,8 years (range - 50-94 years, women - 78,7%) took part in the study. During the online survey, each participant of the study provided personal data (place of residence, sex, age, height, and weight) and completed the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Yale Food Addiction Scale. It was found that elderly people with a balanced time perspective had the lowest level of depression during the pandemic COVID-19 and less expressed sleep inertia at work days, while those with a past negative time perspective had the highest level of depression, high frequency of detection of food addiction and low sleep efficiency. The other types of time perspective (past positive, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and future) had intermediate values of indicators between these two extreme options. Thus, the conducted studies have shown that elderly people with a balanced time perspective showed the highest level of resistance to psychoemotional stress caused by the pandemic COVID-19.

Pharmacotherapy for pregnant women with arterial hypertension considering pathogenetic factors during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

"Objective. To analyze and present current scientific data and the results of our own research on the features of pharmacotherapy for pregnant women with arterial hypertension (AH) under present conditions. Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of the available up-to-date scientific sources over the past decade was carried out in the Scopus, PubMed.com, and E-library databases. Physicians (n = 100) and pregnant women with AH (n = 164) were interviewed about the use of antihypertensive agents between 2009 and 2021. Conclusions. The general principles of pharmacotherapy for AH in pregnant women include: maximum efficacy for the mother;fetal safety;therapy according to blood pressure (BP) levels, maternal and fetal risk factors;initiation of treatment with minimal doses of one drug;switching to another class of drugs and combination therapy when the first-line drugs are not effective or poorly tolerated;preference to dynamic, remote and ""hard"" control of hemodynamic parameters aimed at target systolic BP of 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP of 85 mm Hg. The antihypertensives of choice with proven efficacy and safety in the gestational period are a centrally acting alpha-adrenoceptor agonist alpha-methyldopa, a calcium channel blocker nifedipine, and beta-blockers. All interviewed specialists in the Central Federal District are sufficiently competent and informed about the pharmacological control of AH in pregnant women. Copyright © 2022, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved."